Childs counted as a valuable capital of a society. Mothers are the first gardeners of these flowers. Mothers who have secrets and unuttered words in their hearts. Lullabies are a kind of melodies which sometimes they song to soften their soul, occasionally to calm their baby and at the other times to convey indirectly their messages and needs to their husbands in the form of a short verses and nice and pleasant sound. Also these sweet speeches are said in a plaint forms but in themselves they have a kinds of structures which we consider their nature in our research. Lullabies contain different purports and essences which with the consideration of each one of them we can discover special models of cultures. The object of this study is lullabies in the culture of the people of South Khorasan in the field of studies of old texture of the city of Birjand. The old texture of this city involves Motahhari and Montazeri avenues that from the aspect of land measurement extended about the 432709/26 miter of the city’s area and exceeded to 4962 persons in population. Of the number of this population, about 1654 of peoples are formed from women and girls. The reason for choosing the old texture of this city is that the lullabies are part of the middle Parsee melodies and permanent and ancient Iranian which rooted in far past. Today mothers use less of these songs to sleeping their kids and consequently for collecting, recording and registering of these lullabies, we should ask and look for to inquire the mothers and grandmothers who had the greatest familiarities in relation to the melodies of the common ancient people culture of this city. For representing of suitable theoretical framework to this research, two structuralism schools by the theorist with the name of Vladimir Prop and culture and personality and with its famous theorist Rut Band Kit have been used. The method that from which the research base has been practiced is profounder anthropology by direct observation and with the presence of researchers in the field of research. At the end of the analysis of lullabies we come to this result that lullabies like any other kind of melodies and children stories, with enjoying the covert and improvised particular cultural capacities, deals with outstanding role in socializing of the people of society. In lullabies the patterns and values of mothers resided in Birjand, the mother who grown up in desert can be seen clearly. In fact we can say that these mothers are the narrators of all of their customs, rituals and cultural and ethnic identity and they will be the preserver of this local culture by singing the lullabies and transmission of them to subsequent generations